Merge Sort Hacks

//Sorts strings in alphabetical order

class MergeSort {

    void merge(String arr[], int l, int m, int r)
        {
            // Find the sizes of two subarrays to be merged
            int n1 = m - l + 1;
            int n2 = r - m;

            /* Create temp arrays */
            String[] L = new String[n1];
            String[] R = new String[n2];

            /* Copy data to temp arrays */
            for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
                L[i] = arr[l + i];
            for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)
                R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];

            /* Merge the temp arrays */

            // Initial indexes of first and second subarrays
            int i = 0, j = 0;

            // Initial index of merged subarray array
            int k = l;
            while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
                if (L[i].compareTo(R[j]) > 0) {
                    arr[k] = R[j];
                    j++;
                }
                else {
                    arr[k] = L[i];
                    i++;
                }
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of L[] if any */
            while (i < n1) {
                arr[k] = L[i];
                i++;
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of R[] if any */
            while (j < n2) {
                arr[k] = R[j];
                j++;
                k++;
            }
        }
    
    void sort(String arr[], int l, int r)
    {
        if (l < r) {
            // Find the middle point
            int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
 
            // Sort first and second halves
            sort(arr, l, m);
            sort(arr, m + 1, r);
 
            // Merge the sorted halves
            merge(arr, l, m, r);
        }
    }
 
    static void print(String arr[])
    {
        for (String word : arr){
            System.out.print(word + " ");
        }
    }

    //tester method
    public static void main(String args[])
        {
            String[] arr = new String[]{"Cow", "Dog", "Bird", "Sheep", "Goat", "Pig", "Quail", "Crow" };
    
            System.out.println("Given Array:");
            print(arr);
    
            MergeSort ob = new MergeSort();
            ob.sort(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
    
            System.out.println("\nSorted Array:");
            print(arr);
        }
}

MergeSort.main(null);
Given Array:
Cow Dog Bird Sheep Goat Pig Quail Crow 
Sorted Array:
Bird Cow Crow Dog Goat Pig Quail Sheep 

Merge Sort Objects Extra Credit

//Sorts strings in alphabetical order

class MergeSortOthers {

    static void merge(Comparable arr[], int l, int m, int r)
        {
            // Find the sizes of two subarrays to be merged
            int n1 = m - l + 1;
            int n2 = r - m;

            /* Create temp arrays */
            Comparable[] L = new Comparable[n1];
            Comparable[] R = new Comparable[n2];

            /* Copy data to temp arrays */
            for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
                L[i] = arr[l + i];
            for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)
                R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];

            /* Merge the temp arrays */

            // Initial indexes of first and second subarrays
            int i = 0, j = 0;

            // Initial index of merged subarray array
            int k = l;
            while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
                if (L[i].compareTo(R[j]) > 0) {
                    arr[k] = R[j];
                    j++;
                }
                else {
                    arr[k] = L[i];
                    i++;
                }
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of L[] if any */
            while (i < n1) {
                arr[k] = L[i];
                i++;
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of R[] if any */
            while (j < n2) {
                arr[k] = R[j];
                j++;
                k++;
            }
        }
    
    static void sort(Comparable arr[], int l, int r)
    {
        if (l < r) {
            // Find the middle point
            int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
 
            // Sort first and second halves
            sort(arr, l, m);
            sort(arr, m + 1, r);
 
            // Merge the sorted halves
            merge(arr, l, m, r);
        }
    }
 
    static void print(String arr[])
    {
        for (String word : arr){
            System.out.print(word + " ");
        }
    }

    //tester method
    public static void main(String args[])
        {
            Integer[] arr = {1, 4, 2, 5, 3};
            sort(arr, 0, (arr.length - 1));

            System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arr));
        }
}

MergeSortOthers.main(null);
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Binary Search Hacks

class Binary{

    public static int recursive(int[] arr, int key) {
        return recursive(arr, key, 0, arr.length - 1);
    }
    
    private static int recursive(int[] arr, int key, int low, int high) {
        if (low > high) {
            return -1; // target not found
        }
        int mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
        if (arr[mid] == key) {
            return mid; 
        } 
        // search right half
        else if (arr[mid] < key) {
            return recursive(arr, key, mid + 1, high);
        } 
        // search left half
        else {
            return recursive(arr, key, low, mid - 1);
        }
    }

    //tester method
    public static void main(String[] args){
        int[] arr = new int[]{1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 23, 45, 67};

        int result = recursive(arr, 45);
        System.out.println("Number is at " + result + " index");
    } 

}

Binary.main(null);
Number is at 6 index

Binary Search Extra Credit

class mergeAndSearch {

    static void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r)
        {
            // Find the sizes of two subarrays to be merged
            int n1 = m - l + 1;
            int n2 = r - m;

            /* Create temp arrays */
            int[] L = new int[n1];
            int[] R = new int[n2];

            /* Copy data to temp arrays */
            for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)
                L[i] = arr[l + i];
            for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)
                R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];

            /* Merge the temp arrays */

            // Initial indexes of first and second subarrays
            int i = 0, j = 0;

            // Initial index of merged subarray array
            int k = l;
            while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
                if (L[i] <= (R[j])) {
                    arr[k] = L[i];
                    i++;
                }
                else {
                    arr[k] = R[j];
                    j++;
                }
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of L[] if any */
            while (i < n1) {
                arr[k] = L[i];
                i++;
                k++;
            }

            /* Copy remaining elements of R[] if any */
            while (j < n2) {
                arr[k] = R[j];
                j++;
                k++;
            }
        }
    
    static void sort(int arr[], int l, int r)
    {
        if (l < r) {
            // Find the middle point
            int m = l + (r - l) / 2;
 
            // Sort first and second halves
            sort(arr, l, m);
            sort(arr, m + 1, r);
 
            // Merge the sorted halves
            merge(arr, l, m, r);
        }
    }
 
    static void print(int arr[])
    {
        for (int num : arr){
            System.out.print(num + " ");
        }
    }

    public static int recursive(int[] arr, int key) {
        return recursive(arr, key, 0, arr.length - 1);
    }
    
    private static int recursive(int[] arr, int key, int low, int high) {
        if (low > high) {
            return -1; // target not found
        }
        int mid = low + (high - low) / 2;
        if (arr[mid] == key) {
            return mid; 
        } 
        // search right half
        else if (arr[mid] < key) {
            return recursive(arr, key, mid + 1, high);
        } 
        // search left half
        else {
            return recursive(arr, key, low, mid - 1);
        }
    }


    //tester method
    public static void main(String args[])
        {
            int[] arr = {5, 6, 3, 1, 8, 9, 4, 7, 2};
    
            System.out.println("Given Array:");
            print(arr);
    
            sort(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);
    
            System.out.println("\nSorted Array:");
            print(arr);
            System.out.println(" ");

            int result = recursive(arr, 7);
            System.out.println("Number is at " + result + " index");
        }
}

mergeAndSearch.main(null);
Given Array:
5 6 3 1 8 9 4 7 2 
Sorted Array:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9  
Number is at 6 index